What are the problems in cold chain logistics for agricultural products?

Lack of independent and closed cold chain system. A complete cold chain includes four links: frozen processing, frozen storage, frozen transportation and distribution, and frozen sales. Only by keeping the agricultural products in the physiological low-temperature environment of the four links can we ensure their quality and reduce their loss. At present, there are very few domestic enterprises that can independently carry out integrated logistics services such as warehousing, transportation and distribution. Although there are a certain number of cold storage and refrigerated transportation fleet, but the service function is single, the scale is not large, the service scope is small, not formed cross-regional service network, can not provide the whole process of market demand for integrated logistics services.

Moreover, any link, any enterprise conditions are not standardized will lead to product quality damage. For example, some enterprises use raw materials of poor quality in the processing link; some enterprises take too long a time to load and unload at room temperature in the storage link; and some enterprises set the refrigerator temperature too high in the sales link, which will affect the product quality and storage period. These include, in particular, the following issues.

1. Fresh and live agricultural products cold chain logistics packaging and preservation technology is backward, resulting in serious economic losses.

Since the long-term development, fresh fruits, vegetables and other agricultural products are the main export enterprise products in our society, but the packaging is rough, the level of preservation technology is backward, every year there are tens of thousands of tons of fruits and vegetables rot, the economic interests of the loss is serious. Some of our countries for the import of our agricultural products repackaged into their own cultural market, its market price is much higher than when imported. Especially with our country can join the WTO students later, tariffs down, foreign research agricultural products into our financial market, more weakened the competitiveness of our traditional agricultural products.

2. Fresh and live agricultural products cold chain logistics hardware facilities are old and backward, refrigerated transportation efficiency is low

At present, China's agricultural products refrigerated transportation mainly adopts two forms of highway and railroad, and there are few refrigerated transportation and refrigerated heat preservation vehicles. Railroad refrigerated transport is mostly the old mechanical quick-freezing wagon, lack of standardized heat preservation refrigerated wagon. Loading is mostly done in the open air rather than in refrigerated and insulated places. Most agricultural products are transported in ordinary trucks, at most covered with a plastic sheet or canvas. In addition, the original facilities and equipment are outdated, and the development is unevenly distributed, so it is impossible to systematically provide low-temperature protection for the circulation of agricultural products, resulting in a large loss of agricultural products. Many cold storage facilities have a single function, resulting in the utilization rate of cold storage facilities not increasing with the increase in storage capacity. Cold storage is often idle during the low season of production or when raw material resources are insufficient.

3. Ineffective quality supervision of fresh and live agricultural products cold chain delivery

On the one hand, the management capacity of cold chain logistics of agricultural products is insufficient, the system is not sound, the management team is very weak, the professional quality of personnel is not high, and most of them lack modern management knowledge and experience. In addition, the nature and functions of some local organizations are not clear, and they lack funds and hardware facilities, making it difficult to adapt to the new situation. On the other hand, China's cold chain logistics laws and regulations are not sound, and there are no uniform standards and technical specifications for facilities and equipment, operation process and temperature control. The inspection of shelf life, outer packaging and temperature during the transportation of agricultural products is not strong enough, the punishment of illegal enterprises is not strong enough, and the social supervision system needs to be improved.

4. The third party engaged in the cold chain logistics of fresh agricultural products is lagging behind in the development level of logistics companies.

In addition to the export of agricultural products in China, the distribution business of domestic sales is mostly operated by distributors. The low-temperature logistics of agricultural products is still dominated by self-logistics, and there are only a few large-scale logistics companies that can guarantee the temperature control of the whole cold chain and regular supply of third-party cold chain logistics. Fierce price competition makes it unprofitable for them to invest and expand their scale, and the development of third-party logistics is quite lagging behind.

agricultural products cold chain logistics

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